SF₆-free switchgear explained:
FAQs to help you select the right solution

Starting January 1, 2026, the use of SF₆ gas in medium-voltage switchgear up to 24kV will be prohibited, with further restrictions for higher voltages (up to 52kV) by January 1, 2030. The regulation, effective from March 11, 2024, mandates monitoring SF₆ levels, detecting leaks and ensuring proper end-of-life treatment. Some EU member states are also taxing SF₆ to encourage the adoption of SF₆-free alternatives. For instance, Germany has already denied construction permits for solar parks using SF₆-based switchgear, indicating stricter regulatory checks ahead.

SF₆ (Sulfur Hexafluoride) is a gas commonly utilized in electrical switchgear for insulation and arc quenching due to its high dielectric strength and reliability. Despite its efficacy, SF₆ poses significant environmental concerns as a potent greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 24,300 times higher than CO₂. To address emission reduction goals on a global scale, regulatory authorities are advocating for the phase-out of SF₆ while endorsing alternative technologies.

To learn more, watch our on-demand webinar.

Starting January 1, 2026, the use of SF₆ gas in, new to put into operation, medium-voltage switchgear up to and including 24kV will be prohibited, with further restrictions for higher voltages (up to 52kV) by January 1, 2030.

Existing SF₆ switchgear, including orders placed before March 11, 2024, does not need to be replaced. However, stricter regulations, additional taxes and costly disposal will apply. Exemptions only exist if alternatives are unavailable.

Penalties for non-compliance with F-gas regulations in medium-voltage switchgear can include substantial fines, mandatory corrective actions, and potential legal consequences. These penalties vary by country within the EU but are designed to enforce strict adherence to the regulations and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Member states will monitor compliance and as with any environmental violation, penalties will be severe. Read more about it by clicking the following links: European Commission adopts new F-gas regulation, Fluorinated gases and ozone-depleting substances: Council and Parliament reach agreement.

Switching to SF₆-free technologies offers numerous benefits over traditional SF₆-based solutions. These include a significant reduction in environmental impact (99% lower global warming potential), improved health and safety (no toxic by-products), longer equipment lifespan, easier installation, regulatory compliance, and a smaller physical footprint. Additionally, SF₆-free solutions align with regulatory changes, positioning companies as market leaders and pioneers in green technology. Air, as an environmentally friendly insulator, is abundant and supports the move to a circular economy. Users also benefit from simpler recycling processes at the end of life, providing both technical and economic advantages. Moreover, adopting SF₆-free technologies enhances a company’s image and reputation, significantly lowering the CO₂ footprint of their assets.

Watch our on-demand webinar to learn more about how to switch to SF₆-free smoothly.

SF₆-free switchgears have demonstrated consistent performance levels concerning safety measures alongside operational efficiency akin to equipment relying on traditional Sf₆ technology through effective insulation methods especially exemplified by vacuum technology which also offers robust arc-quenching attributes while demanding lower maintenance efforts over time bypassing issues associated with gas handling challenges leading up towards leakages.

Most SF₆-free switchgear technologies offer parts and materials that are almost completely recyclable or reusable. For Eaton’s Xiria 630, the minimum lifespan is 40 years, backed by over 22 years of proven performance. While other manufacturers claim similar lifespans for their SF₆-free solutions, they have yet to demonstrate comparable durability. Eaton’s extensive track record makes Xiria 630 a reliable and sustainable choice for long-term switchgear solutions.

Choosing the right SF₆-free solution involves understanding the available options: Conventional AIS, CGIS / GIS Natural air / Nitrogen under high pressure (pressurised), SIS & Shielded SIS and Air-GIS non-pressurised and evaluating factors like performance, safety and cost throughout the product lifecycle. Pressurised Air-GIS requires certified personnel, regular pressure checks and industrial air supplies. In contrast, Eaton’s Xiria, based on proven Air-GIS technology, has been successfully used for over 20 years in more than 50 countries. Unlike pressurised systems, Xiria’s 630 no-pressure design eliminates the risk of loss of its dielectric capabilities, ensuring consistent electrical performance. To learn more about the advantages of Eaton’s Air-GIS without overpressure, watch our on-demand webinar.

Utility asset managers can incorporate SF₆-free technologies into their requirements by updating internal specifications to prioritise SF₆-free. This process should be done in close cooperation with their preferred switchgears suppliers. Depending on the application—whether it’s for grid stations, customer stations, or renewable energy projects—different types of switchgears may be needed to meet specific technical requirements. Collaborating with suppliers ensures that the chosen SF₆-free solutions align with the necessary performance and safety standards.

When specifying SF₆-free switchgear, there are not many differences compared to SF₆-based switchgears. However, it is recommended to check for any new test reports or type test reports, especially for newly developed SF₆-free solutions. This includes verifying if additional testing is required for specific applications, such as concrete stations, to ensure the new technologies meet all necessary technical and safety standards.

Eaton’s Air-GIS non-pressurised technology, available since 2002, has proven to be a reliable solution with over 150,000 Xiria 630 panels sold worldwide. This extensive track record demonstrates the dependability and effectiveness of Eaton’s SF₆-free switchgear, making it a compelling choice for those looking to adopt environmentally friendly and technically sound solutions.

To learn more about Xiria 630 based technology check out Xiria 630 product page.

To obtain specifications and technical information, simply contact us or any supplier. We can provide detailed specifications tailored to the specific requirements of your project. Additionally, we offer general technical information and detailed data sheets customised to meet your needs. This ensures you have all the necessary documentation and support for your project.

No, these are the same as for SF₆-based switchgears. With pressurized switchgear additional certifications might apply.

There are no special mandatory trainings.

No, SF₆-free compact switchgear does not demand additional space compared to traditional SF₆-based counterparts; they exhibit similar or even compact dimensions and weights. Moreover, SF₆-free variants can offer comparable or superior voltage ratings along with enhanced insulation and arc-quenching capabilities within equivalent or smaller spatial requirements when compared to their SF₆-using equivalents. To learn more about SF₆-free medium-voltage switchgear solutions check our product portfolio page.

Yes, depending on the country there are subsidies and incentives available.

The maintenance and operational costs for SF₆-free technologies can be significantly lower compared to SF₆-based systems. Eaton’s Xiria 630 technology, for example, requires no maintenance for primary parts and eliminates the risk of leakage or loss of dielectric strength due to overpressure. This makes it very cost-effective.

In contrast, SF₆-based systems require regular manometer inspections, active leakage-control systems for larger amounts of SF₆ and periodic refilling of SF₆ or other technical gases. These systems also necessitate storing spare gas bottles and incurring additional training and service costs for refilling. All these factors must be included in the total cost of ownership (TCO) calculations. Additionally, the costs associated with recycling and disposing of SF₆ further increase the operational expenses.

Overall, SF₆-free technologies like Eaton’s Xiria 630 offer a more economical and reliable solution with lower maintenance and operational costs.

There is a belief that SF₆-free is expensive because the initial investment could be the same or higher than that of an SF₆-based solution. But evaluating costs is not just considering the first investment but calculating the TCO during the lifetime of the switchgear, which can be more than 40 years with SF₆-free technologies, which includes commissioning, losses, maintenance, upgrading the system, decommissioning, unmounting and recycling.

The total cost of ownership (TCO) for SF₆-free technologies is generally less than that of traditional SF₆-based solutions, even though the initial investment might be higher. However, this higher initial cost is quickly offset by the significant financial benefits these technologies offer in the long run, providing a promising financial outlook for your investments.

From a pricing perspective, research comparing SF₆-containing and SF₆-free switchgear found no evidence that the latter was more expensive. It was found that an SF₆-free switchgear can generally be up to 10% more cost-effective than the corresponding SF₆-containing alternative.

Reduced maintenance costs:

• SF₆-free equipment typically has a longer lifespan, resulting in fewer maintenance requirements.
• Lower maintenance costs contribute significantly to overall TCO.
  
  

Long-term viability:

• As environmental regulations tighten, SF₆-free options become essential for long-term business viability.
  
• Investing in sustainable technology ensures continued operation without costly retrofits.
  
  

In response to the EU’s review of F-gas regulation in late 2023, several critical and comprehensive measures have already been emphasised, such as leakage checks, advanced leakage detection systems, meticulous records maintenance, protocols for recovery and destruction and fortified regulations on extended producer responsibility.

Environmental impact:

• SF₆-free technology aligns with global sustainability goals by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
  
• Avoiding SF₆ usage positively impacts the environment and demonstrates responsible practices.
  
  

Innovation and industry recognition:

• Companies adopting SF₆-free technologies position themselves as forward-thinking industry leaders.
  
  

Awards and recognition further validate the economic benefits of these solutions.

Yes, for instance, in Germany, there is a team of sales specification engineers being dedicated and responsible to support planning offices in deigning projects and its energy infrastructure. Eaton is a trustworthy partner in SF₆-free transition.

Eaton offers comprehensive after-sales support for its SF₆-free technologies, including assistance with service, maintenance recommendations, training and spare parts. This ensures that customers have ongoing support and resources to maintain and optimise their SF₆-free systems, providing peace of mind and long-term reliability.

Yes. There are several utilities, who are using Xiria 630 for years (Netherlands, Denmark, Poland, Germany, Sweden etc.)

To read more about successful stories check this link.